Kenshi ukunze kubona
abantu bagenda bifashe mu nda, abasaza na bo bagashyiramo umunyu bati
gikubita aha mu kiziba cy’inda maze kigashigisha nkumva nokerwa cyangwa
se ati kikagaba ibishami mu nda nkumva mpashiriye. Cyangwa se ukabona
umuntu wari usanzwe uzwiho gukubita imyaka ntagira icyo abasha gushyira
ku munwa ndetse no agatangira kunanuka birenze urugero uturaso.

Wakwibaza
uti ese biterwa n’iki ? Igisubizo nta kindi n’ikibazo cy’indwara
zituruka ku mwanda zirimo inzoka zo munda ziterwa n’udukoko twitwa
protozoa twibasira amara tuyanyunyuzamo ibitunga umubiri ndetse yemwe
zikanatembera mu maraso kugeza n’ubwo zimwe zigera mu bwonko n’ibindi
bice by’umubiri. Muri iyi nkuru rero tugiye kubabwira birambuye kuri
amibe, ibimenyetso byayo, uko wayirinda ndetse n’imwe mu miti iyihashya
nubwo benshi bajya bibwira ko idakira nyamara tugize isuku y’intoki
zacu, isuku mu byo turya, amazi tunywa ndetse tukanayigira aho tugenda
n’aho dutuye, tukagira umusarani utari wa wundi wo kwikiza ubuyobozi,
hanyuma tukagira isuku y’umubiri, nta kabuza amibe twazihashya.

Amibe
ni ububabare no kuribwa kw’amara mato n’amanini adasigaye buterwa
n’udukoko dutera indwara two mu bwoko bwa protozoa histolytica
d’entamoeba. Amibe umuntu akaba ayandura iyo anyoye amazi cyangwa ibiryo
byandujwe n’ibyo utu dukoko. Amibe zitembera mu rwungano ngogozi maze
zigafata icumbi mu murura rw’amata aho zicukura zishakisha ubwihisho. 
Amibe zikaba zishobora no gukwirakwira mu bice by’umubiri nk’umwijima,
ibihaha, ubwonko ndetse n’ahandi mu mubiri igihe uzirwaye ativuje hakiri
kare.

Amibe zigabanijemo amoko menshi ariko izikomeye cyane
kandi zangiza umubiri ni izitwa histolytica d’Entamoeba zigabanijemo
ibice bibiri zikunze kuba mu bice by’isi bishyuha cyane cyane muri
Afurika aho zinagira amahirwe yo kororoka kubera umwanda. Hari amibe
zibera mu mara. Umuntu ashobora kubana nazo igihe kirekire atazi ko
azirwaye ariko iyo zimaze kumuzahaza amara nibwo atangira gucibwamo
yituma amaraso ndetse kandi akanaribwa mu nda bikabije cyane. Ubwoko
bwa kabiri ni ubwa amibe zirenga amara zikajya mu bindi bice by’umubiri
nk’umwijima, ibihaha, ubwonko ndetse n’uruhu. Gusa kugira ngo zigere
kuri iyo ntera bitwara igihe kirekire kandi bigaterwa n’uko uzirwaye
atazivuje.

Zimwe mu mpamvu zitera amibe

Impamvu
ya mbere nyamukuru itera amibe ni umwanda ukwirakwiza turiya dukoko
dutera amibe. Utwo dukoko tuboneka mu mazi yanduye ndetse n’ibiryo
byandujwe natwo. Kurya ibiryo byandujwe n’amasazi ndetse n’imibu,
kwicara ku ntebe umuntu wanduye utu dukoko twitwa histolytica
d’entamoeba yicayeho nabyo biri mu bikwirakwiza amibe. Kurya imboga
n’imbuto byarongeshejwe amazi adatetse cyangwa adasukujwe siro
bikwirakwiza amibe ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ku bakunzi b’agatukura aha
ndavuga inyama cyane cyane iz’ingurube nabo ni ukurya bari menge kuko
iyo zatetswe nabi ari isoko yo kwandura za amibe.

Tukiri ku
mbonekarimwe kandi abakunda zingaro nabo ni ukuzitondera cyane cyane
iz’ihene, inka n’zindi nyamaswa kuko iyo zitetswe cyangwa zokejwe
zitaronzwe neza n’amazi atetse biba byoroshye cyane kugira ngo umuntu
afatwe n’izi nzoka zo mu nda.
Kenshi mu cyaro dukunze kubona abantu
batagira ubwiherero n’ababufite ugasanga butujuje ibyangombwa kubera
amasazi abuvamo n’utundi dukoko dukwirakwiza indwara. By’umwihariko kuri
ba bandi bikinga impande y’insina, usanga babikora mu rwego rwo
gukoresha uwo mwanda nk’ifumbire y’uturima tw’igikoni twabo. Abandi nabo
usanga basoroma imboga zameze hafi y’aho imyanda iba iri cyangwa se
ugasanga banasoroma imyanda yameze aho iyo myanda iri maze bakizirya.
Izi mboga ntizigomba kuribwa kuko umwanda w’umuntu wuzuyemo utu dukoko
dutera amibe.

Amibe kandi abantu barayanduzanya ari nayo mpamvu
abantu bagomba kwitwararika ku isuku y’intoki zabo mbere yo kurya,
guterura umwana, kumwonsa ndetse n’ibindi bikorwa. Hakwiye kwigwa ku
buryo gukorana mu ntoki byagabanuka n’ubwo gusuhuzanya ari igikorwa
cyiza cy’umuco nyarwanda. Isuku nke yaba ay’aho abantu batuye ndetse
n’ibikorwa remezo runaka ni nyirabayazana w’ikwirakwizwa rya amibe ari
nayo mpamvu bigora ko amibe cyangwa n’izindi ndwara z’isuku nke
zirandurwa. Mu zindi mpamvu zitera ikwirakwizwa ry’amibe ni imibonano
mpuzabitsina ikorewe mu kibuno igihe ababikora bahise bikora ku munwa
biba byoroshye guhita baha urwaho izo mikorobe kumanukira mu nda zabo.

Bimwe mu byakubwira ko urwaye amibe

Ibimenyetso byoroheje :

• Diyare idakanganye
• Guhora uribwa mu gice cy’inda bijyana no gucika intege
• Kumva udashaka kugira icyo urya ndetse ukumva ufite n’isesemi

Ibindi bimenyetso bikaze

• Gucibwamo wituma imyanda yeruraka isa n’umweru kandi irenduka ndetse ivanze n’amaraso
• Kubura ipfa ryo kurya burundu ndetsegutakaza ibiro mu buryo bukabije
• Kugira umuriro, kuruka cyane ndetse ukagira n’uruhu rwijimye n’isura yihinnye nk’iy’umuntu ugeze mu zabukuru.

Iyo
amibe zakurenze zigafata ibindi bice harimo umwijima bituma agasabo
k’indurwe kadakora maze indurwe yarekurwaga mu gusukura amaraso ntizibe
zikigiye. Naho iyo amibe zibasiye ibihaha ubibwirwa n’uko ukorora
igikororwa gisa n’umuhondo kandi kirimo amaraso ndetse ukanagira
ububabare bukabije mu gituza n’umuriro mwinshi rugeretse. Kubo amibe
zafashe impyiko, usanga barwara indwara zifata imyanya icamo inkari
ndetse kandi bakanagira igisebe ku mpyiko. Nk’uko twabikomojeho
dutangira, amibe zigera no ku bwonko aho zihacukura zikahatera ibisebe
n’ubwo bidakunze kubaho cyane ko bigera kuri urwo rwego. Ku wafashwe
nazo mu bwonko ashobora gutakaza ubwenge akaba nk’igishushungwe mu gihe
cy’amasegonda cyangwa iminota runaka.

Benshi bibaza niba koko
amibe zivurwa zigakira cyangwa se niba imiti itangwa kwa muganga ari iyo
kuyoroshya gusa nyuma ikagaruka nk’uko bikunze kuvugwa n’abantu benshi
hanze aha. Nyamara amibe ziravurwa zigakira iyo abantu bagize isuku
bakirinda kongera kurya amafunguro cyangwa gufata ibinyobwa nk’amazi
byandujwe n’udukoko dutera amibe. Gusa ikibazo tugifite muri ibi bihugu
byacu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere aho udukoko twa amibe twiganje,
isuku iracyari nke kubera ibura ry’amazi n’abayafite ugasanga badafata
ingamba zo kuyasukura mu gihe cyo kuyakoresha imirimo itandukanye.
Ikindi kandi muri ibi bihugu ikigero cy’imyumvire ku kwita ku isuku
y’ibiribwa, amasahani, amazi yo gukaraba no kunywa, isuku y’aho batuye,
kugira ubwiherero buhagije n’isuku yabo ubwabo bwite iracyari hasi .
Nk’urugero wumva nko mu Rwanda hakiri umuntu ukubwira ati hica
umutongero cyangwa ati hapfa uwavutse ndetse kandi ugasanga mwene iyi
myumvire ikiri no muri ba bandi banyuze mu shuri aho bakubwira bati
n’ubundi nzapfa ntacyo ndaramira ! Usibye rero kugira isuku mu rwego rwo
kurwanya amibe, abaganga ndetse n’impuguke mu gukora imiti berekana ko
imiti nka trinidazole, Metronidazole ari umwe mu yifashishwa mu kuvura
amibe muri cya gihe iyo uyirwaye yageze kuri ya ntera yo kwituma amaraso
anadiyara. Ni byiza ko umuntu uri kuri iyi miti yirinda inzoga kuko
alukoro igabanya ubukana uyu muti ugira kuri mikorobe zitera amibe.

Indi
miti yifashishwa mu kuvura amibe harimo intetrix, omidazole ndetse na
secnidazole. Indi miti gakondo ariko itaboneka mu Rwanda irimo ibibabi
by’igiti cyitwa abricot, uruvangitirane rw’ifu y’amababi y’icyatsi
cyitwa neem kiboneka mu buhinde. Hari kandi n’igishishwa cy’igiti cyitwa
peepul basekura nacyo bakanwa amazi yacyo. Nk’uko kandi tubikesha
urubuga docteurclic.com, umutobe w’igiti cyitwa pilon uvanzwe n’amavuta
akomoka ku gihingwa cya sezame bacaniranye n’amazi nyuma bakawubika
ahantu hafutse nawo uhashya za amibe. Mu Rwanda rero mu bavuzi gakondo
twaganiriye bo batubwiye ko amibe bazivurishwa umuti ukomoka ku giti
bita intare y’irungu ndetse n’umwanzuranya.

Kuri ubu, abantu
bagera kuri miliyoni 50 ku isi bamaze kwandura amibe kandi abagera ku
bihumbi 100,000 bakaba bashobora guhitanwa nazo buri mwaka. Nyamara
biroroshye kwirinda izi nkenya twita ku isuku kandi tunanisuzumisha
kugira ngo nidusangwa tuzifite tuvuzwe bityo tugire amagara mazima. Ni
aha buri wese yaba abakozi b’ubuzima ndetse n’abashinzwe isuku
kuyikangurira abanyarwanda kugira ngo imyumvire ihinduke maze amibe
n’izindi nzoka zo mu nda ziterwa n’umwanda zibe amateka mu gihugu cyacu.

umuganga.com